Intelligent Traffic Signal System: 4 Core Modules Explained
An intelligent traffic signal system has 4 core modules that work together. Understanding each helps with system design and troubleshooting.
The 4 Core Modules
1. Detection Module
The detection module gathers traffic data:
- Inductive loop detectors (vehicle counts and classification)
- Video detection (AI-based, multi-lane)
- Radar detection (weather-resilient)
- Pedestrian push buttons and sensors
- Connected vehicle data (when available)
GAOQIAO controllers integrate with all major detection types through standard inputs and APIs.
2. Control Module
The control module runs the signal logic:
- Phase sequence
- Timing plans (time-of-day, traffic-responsive)
- Coordination logic
- Preemption handling
- Safety checks (conflict monitoring)
GAOQIAO controllers are the heart of the control module, with 22-56 output capacity.
3. Communication Module
The communication module connects everything:
- NTCIP 1202 to central system
- Fiber or copper backhaul
- 4G/5G wireless backup
- Time sync (NTP or GPS)
GAOQIAO controllers support all major communication methods.
4. Power Module
The power module keeps everything running:
- Mains power with UPS backup
- Solar power with battery bank
- Generator backup for critical sites
GAOQIAO systems can use any combination of these power sources.
How They Work Together
Example: A vehicle approaches the intersection
1. Detection (Module 1): Loop detects vehicle, sends pulse to controller
2. Control (Module 2): Controller decides to extend green phase
3. Communication (Module 3): Sends updated status to central system
4. Power (Module 4): All modules receive stable power
This happens in milliseconds.
Common Configurations
GAOQIAO supplies configurations for:
- Standalone intersections (Module 1+2+4)
- Coordinated corridors (all 4 modules)
- Adaptive systems (all 4 + central AI)
- Connected vehicle sites (Module 1 enhanced, 3 enhanced)
Conclusion
Understanding the 4 modules helps with system design. GAOQIAO supplies complete systems with all modules integrated and tested.
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Frequently Asked Questions
Can I start with 2 modules and add later?
Yes. Most intersections start with Detection + Control + Power. Communication (Module 3) is added when the system connects to a central platform.
Is radar or video detection better?
Radar is more weather-resilient. Video provides more data (classification, tracking). GAOQIAO supports both.
What is the typical cost for a 4-module system?
,000-15,000 for a complete intersection, depending on the number of approaches and detection sophistication.
Related GAOQIAO Products
These public GAOQIAO catalogue pages are related to this article.
- Traffic signal controllersWired and solar controllers with 6-56 outputs.
- LED signal heads200mm, 300mm, 400mm with EN12368 certification.
- Signal polesVertical, signal arm and double-arm configurations.
- Spare partsLED modules, lenses, visors and accessories.