Traffic light controller: It is the core component of the traffic light control system, responsible for generating corresponding control signals according to traffic rules and real-time conditions, and sending them to traffic lights. Traffic light controllers can be implemented using different technologies, such as PLC, FPGA, microcontroller, etc.

Traffic light: it is the output part of the traffic light control system, which is responsible for displaying the corresponding color or pattern according to the signal of the controller, indicating the driving or stopping of vehicles and pedestrians. Traffic lights generally use LEDs (light-emitting diodes) as light sources, which have the advantages of energy saving, environmental protection, long life, fast response, and bright colors.

Transmission line: It is the connection part of the traffic light control system, which is responsible for transmitting the signal of the controller to the traffic signal light. Transmission lines can be realized in different ways, such as current loop, optical fiber, wireless, etc.

Sensors and detectors: are the input components of the traffic light control system, responsible for detecting information such as traffic flow, vehicle speed, and number of pedestrians at intersections, and feeding back to the controller. Sensors and detectors can be implemented in different technologies such as coils, radar, cameras, etc.

The working principle of the control system of LED traffic lights is:

 

The traffic light controller generates a corresponding control signal according to a preset program or algorithm, and sends it to the traffic signal light through the transmission line.

According to the received control signal, the traffic signal lights turn on or off the corresponding LED, displaying colors or patterns such as red, yellow or green.

Sensors and detectors collect relevant data according to the real-time situation at the intersection, and send it to the controller through the transmission line.

According to the received data, the traffic light controller adjusts or optimizes the control signal to suit different traffic demands.